Food allergy poses a significant burden on patients, families, health care providers, and the medical system. The increased prevalence of food allergy has brought about investigation as to its cause and new tr...
Intranasal steroids (INS) are firmly established as the therapy for choice for allergic rhinitis, but their role in vasomotor rhinitis (VMR) is not fully characterized. This review examines the potential mecha...
Idiopathic nonallergic rhinitis (iNAR) has been difficult to define because of the long differential diagnosis of rhinopathy in the absence of allergic rhinitis. iNAR has traditionally been a diagnosis of excl...
Asthma and allergic disorders can affect the course and outcome of pregnancy. Pregnancy itself may also affect the course of asthma and related diseases. Optimal management of these disorders during pregnancy ...
Authors: Isabella Pali-Schöll, Cassim Motala and Erika Jensen-Jarolim
Asthma is a common chronic disease. Due to difficulties in accessibility to the health care system, asthma affects severely to minorities. This study's objective is to describe the morbidity of asthma on a poo...
Authors: Eloisa Malbrán, Graciela Laura Rey and Alejandro Malbrán
Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions (DTHRs) after subcutaneous application of unfractionated heparins or low-molecular-weight heparins are not uncommon. Standard allergological testing usually includes int...
Authors: Claudia Pföhler, Cornelia SL Müller, Gerhard Pindur, Hermann Eichler, Hans-Joachim Schäfers, Ulrich Grundmann and Wolfgang Tilgen
A 47-year-old man presented to our hospital with collapse secondary to a subarachnoid hemorrhage. A careful history taking revealed symptoms of anaphylaxis before his collapse. This case illustrates an unusual...
The importance of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in atopic disorders such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergies, and atopic dermatitis is well established. Elevation of total serum IgE is typically found in man...
Authors: Manav Segal, Jeffrey R Stokes and Thomas B Casale
Itch is the major symptom of many allergic or inflammatory skin diseases, yet it is still difficult to measure objectively. This article shows and updates the development and approaches of central nervous syst...
Authors: Florian Pfab, Michael Valet, Thomas Tölle, Heidrun Behrendt, Johannes Ring and Ulf Darsow
Peanut-allergic children might be at risk for reactions to other legumes. However, it is not always possible to perform multiple oral food challenges in children. On the basis of patient case history, in vitro...
Authors: Louise Bjerremann Jensen, Milene Andersen, Per Stahl Skov, Lars K Poulsen and Carsten Bindslev-Jensen
Intranasal corticosteroids (INS) are recommended as first-line therapy for allergic rhinitis. To date, no studies have evaluated the impact of an INS delivery system on patient satisfaction. Unless patients us...
Authors: Leonard M. Fromer, Gabriel R. Ortiz and April M. Dowdee
In this review, we compare and contrast the clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of first-generation H1 antihistamines and second-generation H1 antihistamines. First-generation H1 antihistamines cross the ...
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common, costly, and troublesome condition, impairing patients' quality of life (QoL), cognitive function, and productivity. Patients with AR report disturbed sleep, fatigue, irritab...
Authors: G Walter Canonica, Joaquim Mullol, André Pradalier and Alain Didier
A 21-year-old patient experienced asthmatic attacks when cleaning the cage of his budgerigar. Skin tests and radioallergosorbent test were positive to grass pollen and negative for budgerigar feathers and fece...
Authors: Stephanie Rombold, Markus Ollert, Martin Sbornik, Jürgen Rakoski, Ulf Darsow and Johannes Ring
Basophils have long been suspected as playing more than a bystander role in initiating and maintaining allergic disorders, despite their relatively low numbers compared with other effector cells, such as mast ...
Various molecules participate in different phases of allergic reactions. This means that many genes are encoding molecules related to allergic reactions, such as cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors as e...
Authors: Masafumi Arima, Takeshi Fukuda and Takeshi Tokuhisa
Anaphylaxis is an acute and potentially lethal multisystem allergic reaction. Most consensus guidelines for the past 30 years have held that epinephrine is the drug of choice and the first drug that should be ...
Authors: Stephen F Kemp, Richard F Lockey and F Estelle R Simons
It is widely recognized that the incidence of allergies and allergic diseases is on the rise globally. As an international umbrella organization for regional and national allergy and clinical immunology societ...
Authors: Ruby Pawankar, Carlos E Baena-Cagnani, Jean Bousquet, G Walter Canonica, Alvaro A Cruz, Michael A Kaliner, Bobby Q Lanier and Karen Henley
Angioedema can be caused by either mast cell degranulation or activation of the kallikrein-kinin cascade. In the former case, angioedema can be caused by allergic reactions caused by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-med...
This overview describes the nature of the immune responses induced by the inhalation of allergens. There is a dichotomy in that B cells have multiple mechanisms that limit the amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE) ...
The immune response in drug hypersensitivity is normally explained by the hapten hypothesis. It postulates that drugs with a molecular weight of less than 1000 D are too small to cause an immune response per s...
Asthma is exhibiting classical circadian fluctuations of clinical symptoms and airflow measurements, presumably influenced by the underlying airway inflammation and the endogenous cortisol secretion. The aim o...
Authors: Todor A. Popov, Mohamed S. Shenkada, Anna V. Tzoncheva, Maria P. Pravtchanska, Tihomir B. Mustakov and Vasil D. Dimitrov
Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) triggered by fruit and vegetables often occurs in patients with pollen-induced rhinoconjunctivitis because of cross-reactive epitopes in pollen and associated foods. This open obser...
Authors: Karl-Christian Bergmann, Hendrik Wolf and Jörg Schnitker
Recent studies have shown that Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination is inversely related to asthma, a Th2 cell-associated with allergic disease, which BCG in humans induces Th1-cell immune responses and ...
Authors: Eulis A Datau, H Mewengkang, JC Matheos, I Purnawan, M Wibisono, K Wongdjaja, C Wibowo, E Surachmanto and FP Salim
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is now accepted as a viable alternative to the traditional injection route based on more than 40 clinical trials and several meta-analyses of efficacy. In addition, the safety p...
Authors: Giorgio Walter Canonica and Giovanni Passalacqua
The prevalence of childhood allergic diseases, such as allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, has increased exponentially. In Singapore, the prevalence of asthma at all ages exceeds 20%, an...
Authors: Hugo P Van Bever, Sudesh T Samuel and Bee Wah Lee
Specific immunotherapy (SIT) protocols for nutritional allergens have only recently been established with a focus on oral allergy syndrome because of pollen cross-reacting antibodies. For these patients, a sub...
Authors: Regina Kerzl, Martin Mempel and Johannes Ring
Although the pathophysiology of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma is rather well established, the role of allergy in atopic eczema (AE) is still controversial. B...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in infants younger than 18 months and in the elderly. To date, there are few effective treatment options a...
Hypersensitivity diseases caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents are relatively common in the population. This article summarizes the present understanding on the various allergic and nonallergic clin...
The rate of reporting of childhood Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) has increased lately because of either increased awareness to the disease or a real increase in incidence. It is defined as one of the antineutro...
Authors: Michael A Kaliner, Sergio Del Giacco, Carlos D Crisci, Anthony J Frew, Guanghui Liu, Jorge Maspero, Hee-Bom Moon, Takemasa Nakagawa, Paul C Potter, Lanny J Rosenwasser, Anand B Singh, Erkka Valovirta, Paul Van Cauwenberge and John O Warner
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are considered to inhibit the development of both type 1 (Th1) and type 2 helper T (Th2) cells. However, it is recently reported that there are reduced numbers of Treg cells in patients ...
Authors: Kanami Orihara, Susumu Nakae, Ruby Pawankar and Hirohisa Saito
Authors: Sergio Del Giacco, Lanny J Rosenwasser, Carlos D Crisci, Anthony J Frew, Michael A Kaliner, Bee Wah Lee, Liu Guanghui, Jorge Maspero, Hee-Bom Moon, Nokagawa Takemasa, Paul C Potter, Anand B Singh, Erkka Valovirta, Daniel Vervloet and John O Warner
Reduced early microbial exposure in early life has become a leading candidate to explain the escalating rate of allergic disease and has generated intense interest in the interaction between the developing imm...
