Table 4 Generalized Linear Model (GLM) analysis of total direct costs (N = 19,509)
Parameter | Coefficient | Robust S.E. | p-value | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | 47.01 | 5.28 | 0.000 | 37.72 | 58.59 |
Age (continuous) | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.640 | 0.99 | 1.00 |
Female gender (ref: male gender) | 0.97 | 0.02 | 0.372 | 0.92 | 1.03 |
Socioeconomic status (ref: Levels 2–3 in SISBEN index) | |||||
Level 1 | 0.88 | 0.04 | 0.028 | 0.79 | 0.98 |
Rhinitis | 1.76 | 0.12 | 0.000 | 1.53 | 2.02 |
Acute Bronchitis | 1.34 | 0.15 | 0.009 | 1.07 | 1.67 |
Atopic eczema | 1.12 | 0.06 | 0.066 | 0.99 | 1.26 |
COPD | 1.65 | 0.10 | 0.000 | 1.46 | 1.87 |
Emphysema | 1.29 | 0.18 | 0.064 | 0.98 | 1.71 |
Severity Index (ref: mild intermittent) | |||||
Mild persistent asthma | 6.63 | 0.35 | 0.000 | 5.97 | 7.36 |
Moderate Persistent asthma | 13.59 | 0.77 | 0.000 | 12.15 | 15.20 |
Severe persistent | 28.84 | 1.44 | 0.000 | 26.14 | 31.82 |
Urban residency (ref: rural residency) | 1.15 | 0.43 | 0.000 | 1.07 | 1.24 |