Table 2 Main clinical characteristics related to the diagnosis of eczema in 15 trials included in the meta-analysis for the guideline’s Question 1: “Should probiotics vs. no probiotics be used in pregnant women?”.
References | Duration of follow up (months) | Diagnostic criteria for eczema | Patients evaluable at the end of follow-up period | Persistence of eczema | Allergic sensitization | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PROBIOTIC | PLACEBO | P value | % | P value | ||||
Kalliomaki et al. 2001 [4] | 24 | Harrigan 1999 | 64/77 68/82 (Pl) | 15/64 23 % | 31/68 46 % | 0.008 | (sIgE) 27 % vs 25 % (Pl) (SPT) 18 % vs 14 % (Pl) | NS NS |
Rautava et al. 2002 [5]a | 24 | Harrigan 1999 | 32 30 (Pl) | 4/27 15 % | 14/30 47 % | 0.0098 | (sIgE) 28 % vs 37 % (Pl) (SPT) 23 % vs 21 % (Pl) | NS NS |
Abrahamsson et al. 2007 [6] | 24 | H-R | 95/117 93/115(Pl) | 36 % IgE-Eczema 8 % | 34 % IgE-Eczema 20 % | NS 0.02 | (sIgE) 37 % vs 48 % (SPT) 18 % vs 29 % | NS NS |
Kukkonen et al. 2007 [7] | 24 | UK-WP | 461/610 464/613 (Pl) | 26 % IgE-Eczema 12.4 % | 32.3 % IgE-Eczema 17.7 % | 0.035 0.025 | (sIgE e/o SPT) 28 % vs 31.2 (Pl) | NS |
Huurre et al. 2008 [8] | 12 | H-R | 72 68 (Pl) | 9.7 % | 17.6 % | NS | 29 % vs 31 % (Pl) Subgroup with maternal sensitization. 26 % vs 50 % (Pl) | NS 0.023 |
Marschan et al. 2008 [9]b | 24 | UK-WP | 52 46 (Pl) | 31 % | 39 % | (sIgE) 35 % vs 26 % (Pl) | ||
Wickens et al. 2008 [10] | 24 | UK-WP | 144/157 152/158 150/159 (Pl) | Lrha 14.8 % Bl 24.2 % IgE-Eczema Lrha 9.9 % Bl 12.8 % | 26.8 % 18.5 % | 0.03 NS 0.04 NS | (SPT) Lrha 21.3 % e Bl 23.5 % vs 28.8 % (Pl) | NS |
Kopp et al. 2008 [11] | 24 | UK-WP | 50/54 44/51 (Pl) | 28 % | 27.3 % | NS | (sIgE to inhalants) 8 % vs 11.3 % (Pl) | NS |
Niers et al. 2009 [12] | 24 | H-R | 50/78 48/78 (Pl) | (Questionnaire) 3 months 12 % 24 months 54 % (Clinical) 3 months 6 % IgE-eczema 20 % | (Questionnaire) 3 months 29 % 24 months 68.7 % (Clinical) 3 months 21 % IgE-eczema 16.6 % | 0.035 0.05 0.021 NS | (sIgE o SPT) 20 % vs 14.6 % (Pl) | NS |
Dotterud et al. 2010 [13] | 24 | UK-WP | 138/211 140/204 (Pl) | 21 % IgE-Eczema 6.9 % Non IgE-Eczema 13 % | 34.3 % IgE-Eczema 7.5 % Non IgE-Eczema 25.6 % | 0.022 NS 0.009 | (IgEs o SPT) 15.3 % vs 11.3 % (Pl) | NS |
Kim et al. 2010 [14] | 12 | H -R | 33/57 35/55 (Pl) | 36.4 % IgE-eczema 9.7 % | 62.9 % IgE-eczema 20.7 % | 0.029 NS | (sIgE) 38.7 % vs 51.7 % (Pl) | NS |
Boyle et al. 2011 [15] | 12 | UK-WP | 109/125 103/125 (Pl) | 32 % | 42 % | NS | (SPT) 33 % vs 33 % (Pl) | NS |
Ou et al. 2012 [16] | 36 | 65/95 63/96 (Pl) | 6 months 3.3 % 18 months 25 % 36 months 24.6 % | 6 months 23.6 % 18 months 17.7 % 36 months 25 % | NS NS NS | Allergic symptoms 47.7 % vs 46.9 % (Pl) | NS | |
Allen et al. 2012 [17] | 24 | Clinical | 187/220 172/234 (Pl) | 34.1 % IgE-eczema 5.3 % | 32.4 % IgE-eczema 12.1 % | NS 0.024 | 10.5 % vs 18.5 % | 0.036 |
Rautava et al. 2012 [18] | 24 | H-R | 73/81 (Lrha) 70/82 (Lpar) 62/78 (Pl) | 29 % (10 %)* 29 % (6 %)* | 71 % (26 %)* | 0.001 0.001 | (SPT) 22 % 26 % 26 % (Pl) | NS |