From: World Allergy Organization Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Anaphylaxis
Common diagnostic dilemmas | Flush syndromes |
   Acute asthmaa |    Peri-menopause |
   Syncope (faint) |    Carcinoid syndrome |
   Anxiety/panic attack |    Autonomic epilepsy |
   Acute generalized urticariaa |    Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid |
   Aspiration of a foreign body |  |
   Cardiovascular (myocardial infarctiona, pulmonary embolus) | Nonorganic Disease |
 |    Vocal cord dysfunction |
 |    Hyperventilation |
   Neurologic events (seizure, cerebrovascular event) |    Psychosomatic episode |
Postprandial syndromes | Â |
   Scombroidosisb | Shock |
   Pollen-food allergy syndromec |    Hypovolemic |
 |    Cardiogenic |
   Monosodium glutamate |    Distributived |
   Sulfites |    Septic |
   Food poisoning |  |
Excess endogenous histamine | Other |
   Mastocytosis/clonal mast cell disorderse |    Nonallergic angioedema |
   Basophilic leukemia | Hereditary angioedema types I, II, & III |
 | ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema |
 |    Systemic capillary leak syndrome |
 |    Red man syndrome (vancomycin) |
 |    Pheochromocytoma (paradoxical response) |